Can Cannabis Help with Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders?

Exploring the Science, Benefits, and Challenges of Cannabinoid-Based Treatments

Epilepsy affects over 50 million people worldwide, with nearly one-third of patients experiencing drug-resistant seizures. As traditional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) fall short for many, medical cannabis—particularly cannabidiol (CBD)—has emerged as a promising alternative. But can cannabis truly help manage epilepsy and seizure disorders? Let’s explore the latest research, FDA approvals, and real-world outcomes.

What Is Epilepsy and Why Is It So Challenging to Treat?

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures can range from brief lapses in attention to full-body convulsions. While 80% of cases respond to AEDs, the remaining 20% are pharmacoresistant, meaning seizures persist despite optimized treatment.

The Role of Cannabis in Epilepsy Treatment

CBD vs. THC: What’s the Difference?

• CBD (Cannabidiol): Non-psychoactive, known for its anticonvulsant and neuroprotective properties.

• THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): Psychoactive, may have some seizure-reducing effects, but its intoxicating nature limits its use.

How Does CBD Work?

CBD interacts with non-CB1 receptors such as TRPV1 and GPR55, modulates intracellular calcium, and inhibits adenosine uptake—mechanisms believed to reduce seizure activity.

FDA-Approved Cannabis-Based Epilepsy Treatments

The FDA has approved Epidiolex, a purified CBD extract, for treating:

• Dravet Syndrome
• Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
• Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
  Epidiolex is the first and only cannabis-derived medication approved for epilepsy in the U.S..

What Does the Research Say?

Clinical Trials & Meta-Analyses

• A 2025 meta-analysis found that CBD reduced seizures by 41%, compared to 18% in placebo groups.
• A case series in Canada reported seizure freedom in 19 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy using CBD+THC oils.
• CBD was shown to improve quality of life and achieve complete seizure freedom in some patients.

Cannabis vs. Traditional Epilepsy Medications

Treatment	Seizure Reduction	Side Effects	FDA Approval
AEDs	Effective in ~80%	Cognitive issues, dizziness, weight gain	Yes
CBD (Epidiolex)	~41% reduction in resistant cases	Mild to moderate, well-tolerated	Yes
THC	Potential benefit at high doses	Psychoactive effects	No (for epilepsy)

Cannabis may offer fewer side effects and better outcomes for some patients, especially those with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Challenges and Considerations

• Legal Barriers: Cannabis laws vary by state and country, affecting access.
• Cost: Epidiolex and other cannabinoid therapies can be expensive.
• Standardization: Artisanal CBD products lack consistency and may contain impurities.
• Drug Interactions: Cannabis can interact with other seizure medications and liver enzymes.

Future Directions in Cannabinoid Research

Innovations like phospholipid complexes are improving CBD’s bioavailability, making lower doses more effective and reducing side effects. Researchers are also exploring CBDV (Cannabidivarin) and other cannabinoids for broader epilepsy applications.

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Conclusion

Cannabis—especially pharmaceutical-grade CBD—is a viable adjunct or alternative for managing epilepsy, particularly in treatment-resistant cases. While not a cure, it offers hope and improved quality of life for many patients. However, consultation with a neurologist and careful consideration of legal, medical, and financial factors is essential.

If you haven’t yet obtained your mmj card, be sure to take a look at Compassionate Care Consultant full guide on how to get a medical marijuanas card in Mississippi. Ready to schedule a consultation and take the next steps to become a registered patient? Reach out to schedule an appointment.